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How Does Machine Espresso Work? The machine espresso makes use of precise pressure and filter technology that is awe-inspiring to create the coffee you love. What exactly is it? To make espresso hot water is forced under high pressure through finely ground coffee. The process is similar to making drip coffee, but the major difference is in the pressure. The Group Head The name implies, the group head is where you place your portafilter while brewing espresso. It disperses water in the portafilter and controls the pressure of the extraction. There are numerous kinds of group heads, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Some are designed for the stability of temperature while some are built to handle pre-infusion. Others are made to control the lever. There are some that include a mix of features, such as the E61, which is the most popular choice among baristas because of its ability to provide multiple benefits in a single package. As you can see in the image above The group head features several notches where you place your portafilter before twisting it with your hands to lock it in. A rubber gasket is located within the notches to make a seal when you insert your portafilter. The notches on the head allow for an exact position of the portafilter which is crucial to ensure an efficient extraction. The group head does not just allow the portafilter to be inserted easily but also maintains the temperature at a constant level. This is done by cycling hot water around the portafilter and through the brew-basket to ensure that the temperature is at the right level for extraction. This is important, as even a few degrees can be the difference between a excellent and great espresso. The Pump The motorized pumps that are used in espresso machines that rotate provide the nine atmospheric bar pressure required for espresso extraction. This is different from manually operated piston machines that employ levers. The pressure is built by pumping water through a heat exchanger and then through the ground coffee. Pumps tend to be less expensive and last for longer than piston-driven machines. However, both types of machines can degrade because of excessive use and inadequate cleaning. They also increase the complexity of mechanical systems which can result in costly prices for even the most basic models. Some espresso machines can eliminate the pump completely and utilize steam pressure to make espresso. The drawback is that the boiler that produces steam also raises the temperature of water to boiling which could lead to excessive extraction. In addition these machines typically have to rebuild their pressure between cups, which requires time and energy. 9 bar espresso machine make use of the rotary or vibration pump, which has a vibration model that uses a vibrating disc that generates the pressure and an rotary model that pushes hot water through the grounds at high speed. Both types of machines are capable of producing excellent espresso, but Rotary machines are quieter and more durable than vibration pumps. The Boiler The boiler is the component that heats water to the ideal temperature to extract. The steam that is created is then directed to the portafilter, which is the container that holds the espresso coffee grounds. The steam is then channeled into the cup. In this process, the steam causes pressure to push through the grounds of the coffee. This creates a layer crema that is then poured over. This is one of the hallmarks of a great espresso. There are three kinds of espresso makers, and they differ in the type of pump they employ and the degree of heat that the coffee is. There are various ways that the brew may be controlled as well as the size of the cup that the machine can produce. The first espresso machines were steam-type. They utilized a single boiler to make both steam and brew however the pressure they were able to create was minimal – two bars of atmospheric pressure maximum. This led to the coffee tasting burnt and bitter. This is why the Milanese makers Luigi Bezzerra and Desiderio Pavoni invented the modern espresso machine. The most common espresso maker is a semi-automatic one that has an electric pump. When people think of espresso machines, they imagine these machines. With a semi-automatic machine, you need to grind the beans and then tamp them by hand, but the pump controls the flow of water and pressure. This is a fantastic compromise between human control and mechanised consistency. The Filter Espresso machines usually have a filter that separates the grounds of the coffee from hot water. The filter is also an essential element of the machine's temperature control, since it stops overheating. It also enhances flavor, as a filter lets you enjoy a longer bloom phase. This allows the beans to release their nuances and gives an opportunity for better extraction. It is important to keep in mind that even the finest filter can make a bad cup of coffee. The quality of the beans and the extraction, are still very important. It's in this area that the magic occurs. This is what makes espresso taste so good. The grouphead (also called the brewhead) is where you place the portafilter, the thingy that you put the grounds of your coffee into when making espresso. Steam-driven espresso machines make use of hot water heated in an airtight container to create steam. The steam then pushes hot water into the grounds of the coffee under pressure. These machines are less expensive and easier to maintain than pumps-driven models. They are however limited for creating the ideal conditions for brewing as they only operate with 1-1.5 bar of pressure. The perfect shot requires 9-10 bars. In recent years, espresso machines powered by a compressed air compressor have become increasingly popular. They make use of an air compressor to force hot water through the ground and are more mobile than steam-driven electric espresso machines.